History Teaching in the Digital Age: Practices, Artificial Intelligence and Future Needs in Europe
A European study of history teachers’ everyday practice, their perspectives on generative artificial intelligence, and the resources and support they need for the years ahead.
At a glance
- Scheduled study period: 1–30 November 2026, Europe/Zagreb.
- Who can participate: teachers who currently teach history to primary- or secondary-school-age students.
- Estimated completion time: 10–12 minutes.
- Questionnaire languages: all 24 official EU languages and Serbian in the Latin script — 25 languages in total.
- Research lead: Miljenko Hajdarović.
Why we are conducting this research
Digital technologies are part of many history teachers’ working lives, but their availability, use and value vary between classrooms and educational contexts. Generative AI also raises new questions about accuracy, source evaluation, teaching practice and professional learning.
This study brings teachers’ experiences into that discussion. It aims to identify current practices, understand challenges and inform future professional learning and practical support for history education in Europe.
We are interested in both the use of digital technologies and situations in which teachers deliberately choose non-digital approaches because these better support their learning goals.
What the study explores
- Digital teaching practices: the resources, tools and approaches teachers use in history lessons and related professional work.
- Generative artificial intelligence: teachers’ experiences, perspectives and concerns about its use in history education.
- Challenges and future needs: barriers, professional learning priorities and forms of support that teachers would find useful.
The questionnaire asks about your own experiences and views. It is not a test of digital competence, and there are no right or wrong answers.
Taking part
The study is intended for teachers who currently teach history to primary- or secondary-school-age students, whether as a separate subject or within a broader integrated subject or subject area.
The questionnaire contains 48 research questions, followed by two optional questions about the survey application. Completion is estimated to take 10–12 minutes. You can review your answers before submitting them.
Participation is voluntary. You may decline consent or stop before submitting the questionnaire. Declining consent does not create a research response.
Research partners
The study is conducted by:
- Platforma Klio — Croatia.
- TTE — Történelemtanárok Egylete — Hungary.
- UDI EUROCLIO — Udruženje za društvenu istoriju — Serbia.
Research lead: Miljenko Hajdarović.
Your responses and privacy
The questionnaire does not ask for your name, school or email address. Please do not include names or other identifying details about yourself, students or other people in free-text answers.
Platforma Klio is the data controller. Access to individual responses is restricted to expressly authorised research personnel; the other research partners receive aggregated results. Research responses are retained for three calendar years after the actual closure of data collection.
Submitted answers cannot be edited through the questionnaire. Because we do not collect identity details to link you to a response, we may be unable to identify a particular submission if you later contact us about it. Please read the detailed privacy notice in the questionnaire before deciding whether to participate.
We will not publish excerpts from free-text responses that could identify you or other people.
How the findings will be shared
Responses will be analysed and reported in aggregate. Following the analysis, we plan to present the findings at an online roundtable and publish a research report on the partner organisations’ websites and in the journal Poučavanje Povijesti.
The findings are intended to support discussion about history teaching, professional learning and future digital support, rather than evaluate individual teachers or schools.
Questions about the study?
Contact the research lead, Miljenko Hajdarović, at udruga@povijest.net.