{"id":4534,"date":"2024-09-03T14:02:55","date_gmt":"2024-09-03T12:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.povijest.net\/?p=4534"},"modified":"2024-12-20T21:34:46","modified_gmt":"2024-12-20T20:34:46","slug":"povijest-visecih-mostova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/2024\/povijest-visecih-mostova\/","title":{"rendered":"Povijest vise\u0107ih mostova"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Izgradnja vise\u0107ih mostova se\u017ee u davna vremena, a najraniji primjeri potje\u010du iz Azije i Ju\u017ene Amerike. Evo kratkog pregleda pro\u0161losti izgradnje vise\u0107ih mostova.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-1024x130.jpg\" alt=\"Clionaut preporuka: za srednje \u0161kole\" class=\"wp-image-7256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-1024x130.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-300x38.jpg 300w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-768x98.jpg 768w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu.jpg 1180w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rani vise\u0107i mostovi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Najraniji oblici vise\u0107ih mostova bili su jednostavni pje\u0161a\u010dki mostovi kori\u0161teni za premo\u0161\u0107ivanje rijeka i klanaca izra\u0111eni od materijala poput bambusa i vinove loze. Ti su mostovi izgra\u0111eni u podru\u010djima poput Tibeta, Kine i Indije. Vjeruje se da su ovakvi primitivni vise\u0107i mostovi postojali ve\u0107 dvije tisu\u0107e godina prije na\u0161e ere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Civilizacija Inka u Ju\u017enoj Americi izgradila je vise\u0107e mostove napravljene od u\u017eadi od trave, poznate kao mostovi &#8220;Q&#8217;iswa Chaka&#8221;, kako bi pre\u0161li duboke doline i kanjone u planinama Andama. Tradicija gradnje ovih mostova od u\u017eadi se\u017ee najmanje 600 godina unazad, ali sli\u010dne tehnike mogle su se koristiti i mnogo ranije.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U srednjovjekovnoj Europi koncept vise\u0107ih mostova nije bio na\u0161iroko shva\u0107en niti kori\u0161ten na na\u010din na koji mi danas razmi\u0161ljamo o vise\u0107im mostovima. Ve\u0107ina mostova u srednjovjekovnoj Europi bili su kameni ili drveni lu\u010dni mostovi. Ideje o kori\u0161tenju vise\u0107ih mostova je postojala, ali nije razvijena zbog ograni\u010denih materijala i in\u017eenjerskog znanja. Na primjer, kori\u0161teni su jednostavni mostovi od u\u017eadi, ali to nisu bili vise\u0107i mostovi u modernom smislu.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/viseci-korijen.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>U Indiji se stolje\u0107ima koriste tradicionalni oblici vise\u0107ih mostova, posebno u himalajskim regijama. U Meghalaji, sjeveroisto\u010dna Indija, domoroda\u010dka plemena su izgradila mostove koriste\u0107i \u017eivo korijenje drve\u0107a, posebno indijskog kau\u010dukovca (<em>Ficus elastica<\/em>). Ovi &#8220;mostovi sa \u017eivim korijenom&#8221; jedinstveni su oblik vise\u0107eg mosta i mo\u017ee potrajati od 15 do 30 godina da narastu, ali mogu trajati stolje\u0107ima nakon \u0161to se uspostave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Kina ima dugu povijest kori\u0161tenja vise\u0107ih mostova, posebno u planinskim regijama. Ovi su se mostovi prvenstveno koristili za pje\u0161a\u010dki promet u ruralnim podru\u010djima. Do vremena dinastije Song (960. \u2013 1279.) Kina je razvila naprednije oblike vise\u0107ih mostova poput lan\u010danih mostova. Jedan zna\u010dajan primjer je lan\u010dani most Luding izgra\u0111en 1706. preko rijeke Dadu u provinciji Sichuan. Ovaj most koristio je \u017eeljezne lance za vje\u0161anje palube i prete\u010da je modernog vise\u0107eg mosta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/640px-Luding_Bridge_June_07_350D_127.jpg\" alt=\"Moderna verzija mosta u Ludingu (snimio Gill Peney 2007. g.)\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Moderna verzija mosta u Ludingu (snimio Gill Peney 2007. g.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Razvoj suvremenih vise\u0107ih mostova<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Prvi \u017eeljezni lan\u010dani vise\u0107i most izgra\u0111en je 1741. godine u Engleskoj u opatiji Dryburgh preko rijeke Tweed. Pravi proboj u dizajnu vise\u0107ih mostova dogodio se po\u010detkom 19. stolje\u0107a, i<a href=\"https:\/\/www.povijest.net\/ca\/2024\/viseci-most-union\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">zgradnjom mosta Union preko rijeke Tweed<\/a>. Ovaj most dovr\u0161en 1820. smatra se prvim modernim vise\u0107im mostom za kolski promet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Razvoj ja\u010dih materijala, poput \u017eeljeznih lanaca i kasnije \u010deli\u010dnih sajli, promijenio je konstrukciju vise\u0107ih mostova.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69e45f07735b5&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69e45f07735b5\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/640px-The_Menai_Suspension_Bridge_35349065306.jpg\" alt=\"Vise\u0107i most Menai (1826.) u Walesu\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Uve\u0107aj\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Vise\u0107i most Menai (1826.) u Walesu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69e45f0773994&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69e45f0773994\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/612px-The_great_East_River_bridge-_to_connect_the_cities_of_New_York__Brooklyn_LCCN2001704255_cropped.jpg\" alt=\"Brooklynski most (1883.) u New Yorku\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Uve\u0107aj\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Brooklynski most (1883.) u New Yorku<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pitanja za analizu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Koje su glavne razlike izme\u0111u ranih vise\u0107ih mostova u Aziji i Ju\u017enoj Americi?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Za\u0161to su vise\u0107i mostovi bili manje razvijeni u srednjovjekovnoj Europi u usporedbi s drugim regijama?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Koja je uloga geografije (npr. planine, rijeke) u razvoju vise\u0107ih mostova u razli\u010ditim dijelovima svijeta?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kako je razvoj novih materijala, poput \u017eeljeza i \u010delika, utjecao na konstrukciju vise\u0107ih mostova?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0160to bi moglo biti prednosti i nedostaci kori\u0161tenja prirodnih materijala poput vinove loze ili u\u017eadi od trave u izgradnji mostova?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kako bi izgradnja mostova mogla izgledati u budu\u0107nosti s obzirom na napredak tehnologije i materijala?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Izgradnja vise\u0107ih mostova se\u017ee u davna vremena, a najraniji primjeri potje\u010du iz Azije i Ju\u017ene Amerike. Evo kratkog pregleda pro\u0161losti izgradnje vise\u0107ih mostova.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4535,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":false,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[219],"tags":[331,332],"class_list":["post-4534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-povijest-strukovne","tag-graditeljstvo","tag-mostovi"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4534"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8947,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4534\/revisions\/8947"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4535"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}