{"id":2455,"date":"2024-10-16T02:09:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T00:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.povijest.net\/?p=2455"},"modified":"2025-07-30T18:53:58","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T16:53:58","slug":"pravila-borbe-gladijatora","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/2024\/pravila-borbe-gladijatora\/","title":{"rendered":"Pravila borbe gladijatora"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Najnovije forenzi\u010dko istra\u017eivanje znanstvenika Karla Grosschmidta s Medicinskoga fakulteta u Be\u010du i Fabian Kanza s Austrijskoga arheolo\u0161kog instituta pokazuju da su gladijatori iz doba Rimskoga carstva imali striktna pravila borbe. Istra\u017eivanje su proveli na ostatcima 67 gladijatora iz Efeza (Turska). Ostatci su otkriveni 1993. godine i datiraju se u drugo stolje\u0107e nove ere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-sve-skole-1024x130.jpg\" alt=\"Clionaut preporuka: za sve \u0161kole\" class=\"wp-image-7257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-sve-skole-1024x130.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-sve-skole-300x38.jpg 300w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-sve-skole-768x98.jpg 768w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-sve-skole.jpg 1180w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-border-color is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-color:#cf2e2e;border-style:dashed;border-width:1px;border-radius:10px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-948331d77a7dcf4e9518fc66f3402adb\">Reklame se ne prikazuju \u010dlanovima Clionaut Akademije:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Divlja\u010dko nasilje i saka\u0107enje protivnika bilo je tipi\u010dno pona\u0161anje na boji\u0161tima prije nekih 2000 godina, ali nije bilo prisutno u gladijatorskim arenama. Gubitnici su izgleda brzo umirali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unato\u010d \u010dinjenici da je ve\u0107ina gladijatora nosila kacige, na deset ostataka boraca ustanovljeno je da su umrli od udaraca maljem (\u010deki\u0107em) postrance u glavu vrlo vjerojatno od ruke krvnika, koji je \u201cdokraj\u010divao\u201d gubitnike nakon borbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prema nekim slikama na kojima se prikazuju borbe gladijatora pretpostavlja se da su borbe vodila dva suca. Niti jedan od ostataka nema uzastopne frakture ili kontuzije na kostima i to dokazuje da su gladijatori u\u010dili i po\u0161tivali pravila borbe. Pravila borbe su postojala jer su profesionalni gladijatori bili skupa \u201croba\u201d koja se dugo trenirala kako bi zabavljala publiku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<p>Vi\u0161e o tome tko su bili gladijatori pro\u010ditaj na <a href=\"https:\/\/www.povijest.net\/ca\/2024\/tko-su-bili-gladijatori\/\">ovoj poveznici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"945\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/gladijatori.webp\" alt=\"Tko su bili gladijatori?\" class=\"wp-image-2460\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/gladijatori.webp 945w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/gladijatori-300x159.webp 300w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/gladijatori-768x406.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 945px) 100vw, 945px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Gladijatorski dvoboj je mogao imati \u010detiri mogu\u0107a zavr\u0161etka:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Smr\u0107u jednog od sudionika usljed smrtonosne rane u borbi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Predajom jednog od boraca spu\u0161tanjem \u0161tita i podizanjem lijeve ruke sa ispru\u017eenim ka\u017eiprstom. Nakon toga je mogla uslijediti naredba da se ga ubije ukoliko bi publika vikala <em>iugula <\/em>(probodi ga). Borac koji se predao je potom morao kleknuti i ponuditi vrat za kona\u010dan udarac. Ukoliko je bio preslab da klekne legao bi na trbuh i pobjednik bi ga izme\u0111u lopatica ubo u srce.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Predajom jednog od boraca koji se borio toliko hrabro da je publika tra\u017eila da ga se pomiluje uzvicima <em>mitte <\/em>ili <em>missum<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Borba je mogla zavr\u0161iti neodlu\u010dno \u0161to se naravno de\u0161avalo vrlo rijetko. Ukoliko su gladijatori publici ponudili dugu, zanimljivu i hrabru borbu mogli su biti \u010dasno otpu\u0161teni. Takav <em>stanti missi<\/em> bio je vrjedniji od pobjede.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Najnovije forenzi\u010dko istra\u017eivanje znanstvenika Karla Grosschmidta s Medicinskoga fakulteta u Be\u010du i Fabian Kanza s Austrijskoga arheolo\u0161kog instituta pokazuju da su gladijatori iz doba Rimskoga carstva imali striktna pravila borbe. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2456,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[217],"tags":[183,324,60,275],"class_list":["post-2455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-povijest-gimnazije","tag-gimnazije","tag-gladijatori","tag-rim","tag-sport"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2455","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2455"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2455\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12963,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2455\/revisions\/12963"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2455"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}