{"id":2167,"date":"2024-08-16T17:42:36","date_gmt":"2024-08-16T15:42:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.povijest.net\/?p=2167"},"modified":"2024-12-18T12:05:53","modified_gmt":"2024-12-18T11:05:53","slug":"ikarus-451-m-prvi-jugoslavenski-mlazni-avion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/2024\/ikarus-451-m-prvi-jugoslavenski-mlazni-avion\/","title":{"rendered":"Ikarus 451 M &#8211; prvi jugoslavenski mlazni avion"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Razvoj Ikarusa 451 bio je dio \u0161ireg napora Federativne Narodne Republike Jugoslavije da izgradi vlastitu zrakoplovnu industriju u poslijeratnom razdoblju. U to vrijeme, Jugoslavija je te\u017eila samodostatnosti i tehni\u010dkoj neovisnosti, te je stoga ulagano u razvoj vlastitih vojnih i civilnih zrakoplova.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-1024x130.jpg\" alt=\"Clionaut preporuka: za srednje \u0161kole\" class=\"wp-image-7256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-1024x130.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-300x38.jpg 300w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-768x98.jpg 768w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu.jpg 1180w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pod nazivom Ikarus razvijeno je \u0161est testnih aviona. Avioni su dizajnirani i proizvedeni u tvornici Ikarus u Zemunu. Prvi Ikarus 451 (Pionir) bio je avion s dva propelerska motora. Pilot je upravljao avionom u le\u017ee\u0107em polo\u017eaju. Iste 1952. izra\u0111en je avion s mlaznim motorima \u0161to je istaknuto i u nazivu Ikarus 451 M (Mlazni). Uz motore najve\u0107a razlika u modelima je bila \u0161to je u ovoj verziji pilot bio u sjede\u0107em polo\u017eaju. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a902aa704586&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a902aa704586\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"552\" height=\"364\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ikarus_451_1-1.jpg\" alt=\"Ikarus 451\" class=\"wp-image-8326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ikarus_451_1-1.jpg 552w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ikarus_451_1-1-300x198.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 552px) 100vw, 552px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ikarus 451<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Avion je mogao posti\u0107i maksimalnu brzinu od 470 km\/h i dose\u0107i visinu od 8500 m. Doseg mu je bio 300 km. Dizajnirao ga je Dragoljub Be\u0161lin. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prvi let izveo je 25. listopada 1952. probni pilot Tugomir Prebeg. Ikarus 451 M bio je mali dvomotorni mlazni avion, dizajniran kao eksperimentalni i istra\u017eiva\u010dki zrakoplov. Jedini izra\u0111eni primjerak testiran je do 1959., a dvije godine kasnije predan je Muzeju vazduhoplovstva u Beogradu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a902aa704d18&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a902aa704d18\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"160\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tugomir-300x160-1.jpg\" alt=\"Prebeg s o\u0161te\u0107enim Hawker Hurricane (Vis, 1944.)\" class=\"wp-image-8327\" style=\"width:312px;height:auto\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Prebeg s o\u0161te\u0107enim Hawker Hurricane (Vis, 1944.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Glavni cilj njegovog razvoja bio je testiranje mlaznih motora i istra\u017eivanje aerodinami\u010dkih svojstava mlaznih zrakoplova, \u0161to je bilo novo podru\u010dje za tada\u0161nju jugoslavensku avijaciju. Avion je imao krila srednje postavljena na trup, s kabinom koja je bila postavljena u nosu aviona. Motorima je upravljao jedan pilot. Mogao je posti\u0107i brzinu od oko 500 km\/h. Nije bio naoru\u017ean, jer je prvenstveno slu\u017eio za istra\u017eivanje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ikarus 451 predstavljao je pionirski korak u razvoju mlaznih aviona u Jugoslaviji. Njegovim razvojem ste\u010deno je dragocjeno iskustvo koje je kasnije primijenjeno u daljnjem razvoju jugoslavenskih zrakoplova, poput kasnijih vojnih aviona J-20 Kraguj i G-2 Galeb.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a902aa705412&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a902aa705412\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"499\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/stesljen2-768x499-1.jpg\" alt=\"T-451MM Str\u0161ljen II (akrobatski jednosjed)\" class=\"wp-image-8329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/stesljen2-768x499-1.jpg 768w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/stesljen2-768x499-1-300x195.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">T-451MM Str\u0161ljen II (akrobatski jednosjed)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:22px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Ikarus 451 M - prvi jugoslavenski mlazni avion\" width=\"980\" height=\"735\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iS9q22fxf28?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:22px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pitanja za analizu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Koji je bio glavni cilj razvoja Ikarusa 451?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Koje su klju\u010dne razlike izme\u0111u modela Ikarus 451 i Ikarus 451 M?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Za\u0161to je Jugoslavija nakon Drugog svjetskog rata te\u017eila razvoju vlastite zrakoplovne industrije?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Koje su tehni\u010dke karakteristike Ikarusa 451 M?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kako je iskustvo ste\u010deno razvojem Ikarusa 451 kori\u0161teno u daljnjem razvoju jugoslavenskih zrakoplova?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Razvoj Ikarusa 451 bio je dio \u0161ireg napora Federativne Narodne Republike Jugoslavije da izgradi vlastitu zrakoplovnu industriju u poslijeratnom razdoblju. U to vrijeme, Jugoslavija je te\u017eila samodostatnosti i tehni\u010dkoj neovisnosti, te je stoga ulagano u razvoj vlastitih vojnih i civilnih zrakoplova.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2201,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[187,212],"tags":[322,208,227,323,263],"class_list":["post-2167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-povijest-ss","category-zanimljivosti","tag-ikarus-451-m","tag-jugoslavija","tag-tehnologija","tag-tugomir-prebeg","tag-zrakoplovstvo"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2167"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8330,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2167\/revisions\/8330"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}