{"id":10696,"date":"2025-01-08T12:12:48","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T11:12:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/?p=10696"},"modified":"2025-01-08T12:13:16","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T11:13:16","slug":"arhimedov-vijak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/2025\/arhimedov-vijak\/","title":{"rendered":"Arhimedov vijak"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Arhimedov vijak je ure\u0111aj koji se tradicionalno pripisuje starogr\u010dkom matemati\u010daru i in\u017eenjeru Arhimedu iz Sirakuze (oko 287. \u2013 212. pr. n. e.). Njegova osnovna svrha bila je u\u010dinkovito podizanje vode s ni\u017eih na vi\u0161e razine, rje\u0161avaju\u0107i tako velike izazove navodnjavanja i odvodnje u starom svijetu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-1024x130.jpg\" alt=\"Clionaut preporuka: za srednje \u0161kole\" class=\"wp-image-7256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-1024x130.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-300x38.jpg 300w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu-768x98.jpg 768w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/clionaut_preporuke-za-srednju-skolu.jpg 1180w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dizajn i na\u010din rada<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Arhimedov vijak sastoji se od spiralne povr\u0161ine (vijka) smje\u0161tene unutar \u0161uplje cijevi. Kada se donji kraj vijka uroni u vodu i vijak se okre\u0107e, voda se zarobljava u d\u017eepovima formiranim spiralom. Rotacijom vijka ti se d\u017eepovi pomi\u010du prema gore, prenose\u0107i vodu na vi\u0161u razinu, gdje se ispu\u0161ta u spremnik ili kanal. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Energija za pokretanje vijka mo\u017ee dolaziti od ljudske snage, \u017eivotinja, vjetrenja\u010da ili modernih strojeva poput motora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ovaj ure\u0111aj je primjer vijka kao jednog od \u0161est klasi\u010dnih jednostavnih strojeva i pokazuje kako se rotacijsko gibanje pretvara u linearno za obavljanje korisnog rada. Ilustrira kako se sila mo\u017ee u\u010dinkovito primijeniti za podizanje tvari protiv gravitacije, uvode\u0107i pojmove poput mehani\u010dke prednosti i prijenosa energije.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"387\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/640px-Arhimedov_vijak_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10697\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/640px-Arhimedov_vijak_1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/640px-Arhimedov_vijak_1-300x181.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/22\/Archimedes-screw_one-screw-threads_with-ball_3D-view_animated_small.gif\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Povijesni kontekst i dana\u0161nja upotreba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Iako se vijak pripisuje Arhimedu, povijesni dokazi upu\u0107uju na to da su sli\u010dni ure\u0111aji mo\u017eda kori\u0161teni ve\u0107 u starom Egiptu za navodnjavanje. Pretpostavlja se da je Arhimed tijekom boravka u Egiptu prou\u010davao ove mehanizme i usavr\u0161io njihov dizajn. Rimski arhitekt Vitruvije tako\u0111er je opisao ovaj ure\u0111aj, \u0161to pokazuje da je bio \u0161iroko prepoznat i primjenjivan u anti\u010dkom svijetu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Glavna uporaba Arhimedova vijka bila je navodnjavanje \u2013 preno\u0161enje vode iz rijeka ili niskih podru\u010dja na polja smje\u0161tena na vi\u0161im razinama. Nevjerojatno, Arhimedov vijak koristi se i danas, \u0161to svjedo\u010di o trajnoj vrijednosti ovog drevnog izuma. Neki od modernih na\u010dina primjene uklju\u010duju:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-grid wp-container-core-group-is-layout-478b6e6b wp-block-group-is-layout-grid\">\n<p>\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Upravljanje vodama: <\/strong>Koristi se u postrojenjima za pro\u010di\u0161\u0107avanje otpadnih voda i za isu\u0161ivanje niskih podru\u010dja. Vijak je u\u010dinkovit \u010dak i kada teku\u0107ine sadr\u017ee otpad jer se ne za\u010depljuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Proizvodnja hidroelektri\u010dne energije:<\/strong> Kada se koristi obrnuto, voda koja te\u010de niz vijak uzrokuje njegovo okretanje, \u0161to pokre\u0107e generator za proizvodnju elektri\u010dne energije. Ova metoda posebno je u\u010dinkovita na podru\u010djima s malim visinskim razlikama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Prijenos materijala:<\/strong> Na\u010delo Arhimedova vijka koristi se i u industriji za prijenos rasutih materijala poput \u017eita, ugljena i plastike u strojevima poput injekcijskih pre\u0161a.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arhimedov vijak je ure\u0111aj koji se tradicionalno pripisuje starogr\u010dkom matemati\u010daru i in\u017eenjeru Arhimedu iz Sirakuze (oko 287. \u2013 212. pr. n. e.). Njegova osnovna svrha bila je u\u010dinkovito podizanje vode [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10699,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[187],"tags":[1033,1034,1035],"class_list":["post-10696","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-povijest-ss","tag-arhimed","tag-izumi","tag-vitruvije"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10696","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10696"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10696\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10703,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10696\/revisions\/10703"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10696"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10696"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10696"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}