{"id":12782,"date":"2025-07-23T14:02:24","date_gmt":"2025-07-23T12:02:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/?post_type=download&#038;p=12782"},"modified":"2025-07-23T17:46:49","modified_gmt":"2025-07-23T15:46:49","slug":"video-truman-o-uzrocima-osnivanja-izraela","status":"publish","type":"download","link":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/downloads\/video-truman-o-uzrocima-osnivanja-izraela\/","title":{"rendered":"VIDEO: Truman o uzrocima osnivanja Izraela"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Izjava Harryja S. Trumana iz 1964. godine dolazi u specifi\u010dnom povijesnom i politi\u010dkom kontekstu Hladnog rata, dekolonizacije Bliskog istoka i sje\u0107anja na Drugi svjetski rat, a osobito Holokaust.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kao predsjednik Sjedinjenih Ameri\u010dkih Dr\u017eava (1945.\u20131953.), Harry S. Truman odigrao je klju\u010dnu ulogu u priznanju Dr\u017eave Izrael. Dana 14. svibnja 1948., svega jedanaest minuta nakon \u0161to je David Ben-Gurion proglasio neovisnost Izraela, Truman je potpisao izjavu kojom SAD priznaje novu dr\u017eavu. Time je postao prvi svjetski \u010delnik koji je to u\u010dinio, unato\u010d protivljenju dijela ameri\u010dke diplomacije i vojske koji su se pribojavali reakcija arapskih zemalja i mogu\u0107eg gubitka geopoliti\u010dkog utjecaja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Truman u snimci eksplicitno spominje ubijanje \u0161est milijuna \u017didova od strane nacista, \u0161to odra\u017eava tada sve ve\u0107e me\u0111unarodno priznanje razmjera Holokausta. Tijekom njegova predsjedni\u0161tva otvoreni su i prvi procesi protiv nacista (npr. N\u00fcrnber\u0161ki procesi), a njegova administracija podr\u017eala je preseljenje brojnih \u017eidovskih izbjeglica u Palestinu, unato\u010d politi\u010dkim i logisti\u010dkim izazovima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a28ba362cdbc&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a28ba362cdbc\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"588\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12790\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-5.jpg 800w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-5-300x221.jpg 300w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-5-768x564.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a28ba362e2e5&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a28ba362e2e5\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"591\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12793\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-6.jpg 800w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-6-300x222.jpg 300w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-6-768x567.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a28ba362e7f0&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a28ba362e7f0\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"594\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12795\" srcset=\"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-7.jpg 800w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-7-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/truman-outtake-izrael-7-768x570.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U izjavi Truman pojednostavljeno prikazuje preseljenje Arapa, tvrde\u0107i da su bili obe\u0161te\u0107eni. No, stvarnost je bila znatno slo\u017eenija: tijekom rata 1947.\u20131949. (koji je uslijedio nakon UN-ove odluke o podjeli Palestine), vi\u0161e od 700.000 Palestinaca napustilo je ili bilo prisiljeno napustiti svoje domove \u2013 doga\u0111aj poznat kao <em>Nakba<\/em> (katastrofa). Izraelski i palestinski narativi o tom razdoblju ostaju duboko podijeljeni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Truman se u izjavi referira na <em>Suesku krizu<\/em> iz 1956., koja se dogodila nakon njegova predsjedni\u010dkog mandata. Kriza je izbila kada je Egipat, pod vodstvom Gamala Abdela Nasera, nacionalizirao Sueski kanal. Uslijedila je vojna intervencija Velike Britanije, Francuske i Izraela. Me\u0111utim, pod pritiskom SAD-a (predsjednik Dwight D. Eisenhower) i SSSR-a, napad je zaustavljen. Trumanova izjava u kojoj ka\u017ee da bi &#8220;Naser bio u Sudanu gdje mu je mjesto&#8221; izra\u017eava njegovu osobnu netrpeljivost prema Naseru, simbolu arapskog nacionalizma i nesvrstanosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfac <strong>Format:<\/strong> mp4 video s <strong>hrvatskim titlovima<\/strong><br> \u23f0 <strong>Trajanje: <\/strong>1:15 minuta<br>\ud83d\udce5 <strong>Preuzimanje:<\/strong> u ZIP mapi veli\u010dine 5,63 Mb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U trenutku kada je snimka nastala, Truman je ve\u0107 bio u mirovini vi\u0161e od deset godina. Bio je aktivan u pisanju memoara i davanju intervjua, \u010desto brane\u0107i svoje politi\u010dke odluke. Snimka iz 1964. godine dio je njegovih poku\u0161aja oblikovanja vlastite povijesne ostav\u0161tine, osobito u odnosu na Izrael, za \u010dije je priznanje bio iznimno ponosan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mogu\u0107a pitanja za u\u010denike (dob 16+)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0160to Truman navodi kao razlog zbog kojeg je podr\u017eao stvaranje Dr\u017eave Izrael?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kako opisuje sudbinu \u017didova tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kako opisuje odnos prema arapskom stanovni\u0161tvu u Palestini tijekom stvaranja Izraela?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kako bi objasnio\/la povijesni kontekst u kojem Truman donosi odluku o priznanju Izraela 1948. godine?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0160to zna\u0161 o posljedicama koje je priznavanje Izraela imalo za ameri\u010dku vanjsku politiku i odnose s arapskim zemljama?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Za\u0161to Truman spominje Naserovu ulogu i Suesku krizu, iako se ti doga\u0111aji odvijaju nakon njegova mandata?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na koji na\u010din Truman govori o \u017ertvama Holokausta? Je li njegov ton osoban, politi\u010dki ili distanciran?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kako komentira preseljenje Arapa? Koje rije\u010di koristi i mo\u017ee li se zaklju\u010diti postoje li pristranosti u njegovoj interpretaciji?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na koji na\u010din koristi jezik mo\u0107i i nadmo\u0107i (npr. izjava da bi Naser bio &#8220;u Sudanu gdje mu je mjesto&#8221;)?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Koje bi informacije trebalo dodatno istra\u017eiti kako bismo mogli objektivnije procijeniti to\u010dnost Trumanovih tvrdnji?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kako bi isti doga\u0111aji mogli biti opisani iz palestinske perspektive?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Za\u0161to je va\u017eno \u010duti vi\u0161e perspektiva u povijesti, posebno kada je rije\u010d o sukobima?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kako se dana\u0161nji odnosi izme\u0111u Izraela i arapskog svijeta razlikuju ili podsje\u0107aju na one iz vremena Trumana?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kako bi danas svjetski lideri reagirali na ovakvu izjavu \u2013 osobito u dijelu gdje se spominje preseljenje stanovni\u0161tva i odnos prema Egiptu?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Izjava Harryja S. Trumana iz 1964. godine dolazi u specifi\u010dnom povijesnom i politi\u010dkom kontekstu Hladnog rata, dekolonizacije Bliskog istoka i sje\u0107anja na Drugi svjetski rat, a osobito Holokaust.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12787,"template":"","edd-categories":[7],"edd-tags":[1208,1209,1168],"class_list":["post-12782","download","type-download","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","download_category-video","download_tag-izrael","download_tag-nakba","download_tag-video","edd-download","edd-download-cat-video","edd-download-tag-izrael","edd-download-tag-nakba","edd-download-tag-video"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/edd-downloads\/12782","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/edd-downloads"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/download"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/edd-downloads\/12782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12796,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/edd-downloads\/12782\/revisions\/12796"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"download_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/edd-categories?post=12782"},{"taxonomy":"download_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/povijest.net\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/edd-tags?post=12782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}